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Auction - types of auction and their characteristics

Types of Auction and the characteristics


v  Ascending-bid auction (English Auction)
       Real time interactive auction
       Bidders present physically or electronically
       Seller gradually increases price- bidders drop out until one bidder remain to win the auction.
v  Descending-bid auction (Dutch Auction)
       Real time interactive auction
       Bidders present physically or electronically
       Seller gradually decreases price from high value.
       The first bidder, who accepts the current price, wins the bid.
       These auctions are called Dutch auctions because flowers have long been sold in the Netherlands using this procedure
v  First price sealed bid
       Offline auction
       Bidders submit sealed bid to the seller
       Seller opens all the bids together.
       The highest bidder wins the bid and the object.
v  Second price sealed bid (Vickrey Auction)
       Offline auction
       Bidders submit sealed bid to the seller
       Seller opens all the bid together.
       The highest bidder wins the bid and the object and pays the value of second highest bidder.
v  Multi-Unit Auction – Dutch
       Starts with low price and increase the price till supplier willing to provide one unit of the goods or service.
       Price raised slowly until suppliers have committed to all unit desired by buyer
       Each unit is supplied with different price.
v  Multi-unit Auction – English Auction
       Starts with high price and bidders announce the unit they are willing to supply.
       If the quantity that supplier willing to supply is more than required by buyer, the buyer reduces the price until the quantity matches the buyer’s requirement.
       All suppliers get to supply at this price.
       This auction is referred as Uniform-price auction

Factors influence performance of a bid
       Supplier’s cost structure – interdependent and correlated.
       In similar market and similar processes, the interdependence and correlation is higher
       If the supplier is symmetric with the costs that are interdependent and correlated, English auction brings lowest price for the buying firm.
       If the structure is asymmetric, then second-price auction may do better than English auction
Best practices
       Buyer must reveal all the information of the supply Chain task
       By not revealing all the information, suppliers shade the bids to guard against Winner’s curse
       Clear idea of buyer’s own value, supplier’s value
       Divide the bargain surplus in proportion to contribution of each party.


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